Practising organic agriculture does neither simply mean substituting chemical products (pesticidals, fertilizers) with natural ones, nor using the hoe instead of herbicides, and it does not foresee a return to the past although it enhances some very old practices used together with the most modern techniques and the newest products; but all this must be compatible with health and environmental equilibrium. The organic farmer works according to the following general guidelines:
- use of agronomic and zootechnical tecniques and practices improving fertility and the organic soil activity (coltural rotations, organic fertilizing, green manures, etc.);
- adopting some preventive measures, mechanical means and natural products in the programs fighting parasites and infesting weeds;
- carrying out a zootechnique coonected with the soil (the number of cattle heads for surface unit must assure an integrated management of animal and vegetal productions) and careful of animal wellbeing and nutrition;
- exclusion of chemical synthesis products and of GMO.
These general aspects are transferred in precise rules of the communitarian regulations (No. 2092/91 and further amendments) setting a whole series of rules regarding farms' conversion, vegetable production, breeding, transformation, marketing and product labelling, controlling system and import towards third countries.
Aiming at organic agriculture means undertaking a gradual conversion phase where chemical products are eliminated and the "agricultural farm system" is established as well; here each farm is related to the entire "agro-ecosystem" in order to choose the most suitable strategies, ensuring the farms a proper profit.
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